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内容简介
目录
1. Introduction
1.1 Historical Perspective
1.2 Materials Science and Engineering
1.3 Why Study Materials Science and Engineering?
1.4 Classification of Materials
1.5 Advanced Materials
1.6 Modern Materials’Needs
2.Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fundamental Concepts
2.3 Electrons in Atoms
2.4 The Periodic Table
2.5 Bonding Forces and Energies
2.6 Primary Interatomic Bonds
2.7 Secondary Bonding or Van der Waals Bonding
2.8 Molecules
2. Structures of Metals and Ceramics
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fundamental
3.3 Unit Cells
3.4 Metallic Crystal Structures
3.5 Density Computations-Metals
3.6 Ceramic Crystal Structures
3.7 Density Computations-Ceramics
3.8 Silicate Ceramics
3.9 Carbon
3.10 Polymorphism and Allotropy
3.11 Crystal Systems
3.12 Crystallographic Directions
3.13 Crystallographic Planes
3.14 Linear and Planar Atomic Densities
3.15 Close-Packed Crystal Structures
3.16 Single Crystals
3.17 Polycrystalline Materials
3.18 Anisotropy
3.19 X-Ray Diffraction:Determination of Crystal Structures
(CD-ROM)S-6
3.20 Noncrystalline solids
3. Polymer Strutures
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules
4.3 Polymer Molecules
4.4 The Chemistry of Polymer Molecules
4.5 Molecular Weight
4.6 Molecular Shape
4.7 Molecular Structure
4.8 Molecular Configurations(CD-ROM)S-11
4.9 Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Polymers
4.10 Copolymers
4.11 Polymer Crystals
4.12 Polymer Crystals
5.Imperfections in Solids
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Point Defects in Metals
5.3 Point Defects in Ceramics
5.4 Impurities in Solids
5.5 Point Defects in Polymers
5.6 Specification of Composition
5.7 Dislocations-Linear Defects
5.8 Interfacial Defects
5.9 Bulk or Volume Defects
5.10 Atomic Vibrations
5.11 General
5.12 Microscopic Techniques
5.13 Grain Size Determination
6.Diffusion
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Diffusion Mechanisms
6.3 Steady-State Diffusion
6.4 Nonsteady-State Diffusion
6.5 Factors That Influence Diffusion
6.6 Other Diffusion Paths
6.7 Diffusion in Ionic and Polymeric Materials
7.Mechanical Properties
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Concepts of Stress and Strain
7.3 Stress-Strain Behavior
7.4 Anelasticity
7.5 Elastic Properties of Materials
7.6 Tensile Properties
7.7 True Stress and Strain
7.8 Elastic Recovery During Plastic Deformation
7.9 Compressive,Shear,and Torsional Deformation
7.10 Flexural Strength
7.11 Elastic Behavior
7.12 Influence of Porosity on the Mechanical Propertise of Ceramics(CD-ROM)S-22
7.13 Stress-Strain Behavior
7.14 Macroscopic Deformation
7.15 Viscoelasticity(CD-ROM)S-22
7.16 Hardness
7.17 Hardness of Ceramic Materials
7.18 Tear Strength and Hardness of Polymers
7.19 Variability of Material Properties
7.20 Design/Safety Factors
8.Deformation and Strengthening Mechanisms
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Historical
8.3 Basic Concepts of Dislocations
8.4 Characteristics of Dislocations
8.5 Slip Systems
8.6 Slip in Single Crystals(CD-ROM)S-31
8.7 Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Metals
8.8 Deformation by Twinning(CD-ROM)S-34
8.9 Strengthening by Grain Size Reduction
8.10 Solid-Solution Strengthening
8.12 Recovery
8.13 Recrystallization
8.14 Grain Growth
8.15 Crystalline Ceramics
8.16 Noncrystalline Ceramics
8.17 Deformation of Semicrystalline Polymers
8.18 Factors That Influence the Mechanical Properties of Semicrystalline Polymers[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)]S-35
8.19 Deformation of Elastomers
9.Failure
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Fundamentals of Fracture
9.3 Ductile Fracture
9.4 Brittle Fracture
9.5a Principles of Fracture Mechanics[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)S-38
9.6 Brittle Fracture of Ceramics
9.7 Fracture of Polymers
9.8 Impact Fracture Testing
9.9 Cyclic Stresses
9.10 The S-N Curve
9.11 Fatigue in Polymeric Materials
9.12a Crack Initiation and Propagation[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)]S-54
9.13 Crack Propagation Rate
9.14 Factors That Affect Fatigue Life
9.15 Environmental Effects(CD-ROM)S-62
9.16 Generalized Creep Behavior
9.17b Stress and Temperature Effects (Concise Version)S-65
9.18 Data Extrapolation Methods
9.19 Alloys for High-Temperature Use
9.20 Creep in Ceramic and Polymeric Materials
10 Phase Diagrams
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Solubility
10.3 Phases
10.4 Microstructure
10.5 Phase Equilibria
10.6 Binary Isomorphous Systems
10.7 Interpretation of Phase Diagrams
10.8 Development of Microstructure in Isomorphous Alloys (CD-ROM)S-67
10.9 Mechanical Properties of Isomorphous Alloys
10.10 Binary Eutectic Systems
10.11 Development of Microstructure in Eutectic Alloys(CD-ROM)S-70
10.12 Equilibrium Diagrams Having Intermediate Phases or Compounds
10.13 Eutectoid and Peritectic Reactions
10.14 Congruent Phase Transformations
10.15 Ceramic Phase Diagrams(CD-ROM)S-77
10.16 Ternary Phase Diagrams
10.17 The Gibbs Phase Rule (CD-ROM)S-81
10.18 The Iron-Iron Carbide (Fe-fe3C)Phase Diagram
10.19 Development of Microstructures in Iron-Carbon Alloys
10.20 The Influence of Other Alloying Elements(CD-ROM)S-83
11 Phase Transformations
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Basic Concepts
11.3 The Kinetics of Solid-State
11.4 Multiphase Transformations
11.5 Isothermal Transformation
11.6 Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams(CD-ROM)S-85
11.7 Mechanical Behavior of Iron-Carbon Alloys
11.8 Tempered Martensite
11.9 Review of Phase Transformations for Iron-Carbon Alloys
11.10 Heat Treatments
11.11 Mechanism of Hardening
11.12 Miscellaneous Consideratins
11.13 Crystallization
11.14 Meiting
11.15 The Glass Transition
11.16 Melting and Glass Transition Temperatures
11.17 Factors That Influence Meltiong and Glass Transition Temperatures (CD-ROM)S-87
12.Electrical Properties
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Ohm’s Law
12.3 Electrical Conductivity
12.4 Electronic and Ionic Conduction
12.5 Energy Band Structures in Solids
12.6 Conduction in Terms of Band and Atomic Bonding Models
12.7 Electron Mobility
12.8 Electrical Resistivity of Metals
12.9 Electrical Characteristics of Commercial Alloys
12.10 Intrinsic Semiconduction
12.11 Extrinsic Semiconduction
12.15 Conduction in Ionic Materials
12.16 Electrical Properties of Polymers
14.Synthesis,Fabrication,and Processing of Materials (CD-ROM)S-118
14.1 Introduction S-119
14.2 Forming Operations S-119
14.3 Casting
14.4 Miscellaneous Techniques
14.5 Annealing Processes
14.6 Heat Treatment of Steels
14.7 Fabrication and Processing of Glasses
14.8 Fabrication of Clay Products
14.9 Powedr Pressing
14.10 Tape Casting
14.11 Polymerizatin
14.12 Polymer Additives
14.13 Forming Techniques for Plastics
14.14 Fabrication of Elastomers
14.15 Fabricatin of Fibers and Films
15.Composites(CD-ROM)S-162
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Large-Particle Composites
15.3 Dispersion-Strengthened Composites
15.4 Influence of Fiber Length
15.5 Influence of Fiber Orientation and Concentration
15.6 The Matrix Phase
15.7 The Matrix Phase
15.8 Polymer-Matrix Composites
15.9 Metal-Matrix Composites
15.10 Ceramic-Matrix Composites
15.11 Carbon-Carbon Composites
15.12 Hybrid Composites
15.13 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced Composites
15.14 Laminar Composites
15.15 Sandwich Panels
16.Corrosion and Degradation of Materials (CD-ROM)
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Electrochemical Considerations
16.3 Corrosion Rates
16.4 Prediction of Corrosion Rates
16.5 Passivity
16.6 Environmental Effects
16.7 Forms of Corrosion
16.8 Corrosion Environments
16.9 Corrosion Prevention
16.10 Oxidaton
16.11 Swelling and Dissolution
16.12 Bond Rupture
16.13 Weathering
17.Thermal Properties(CD-ROM)
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Heat Capacity
17.3 Thermal Expansion
17.4 Thermal Conductivity
17.5 Thermal Stresses
18.Magnetic Properties
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Basic Concepts
18.3 Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism
18.4 Ferromagnetism
18.5 Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism
18.6 The Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior
18.7 Domains and Hysteresis
18.8 Soft Magnetic Materials
18.9 Hard Magnetic Materials
18.10 Magnetic Storage
18.11 Superconductivity
19.Optical Properties(CD-ROM)
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Electromagnetic Radiation
19.3 Light Interactions with Solids
19.4 Atomic and Electronic Interactions
19.5 Refraction
19.6 Reflection
19.7 Absorption
19.8 Transmission
19.9 Color
19.10 Opacity and Translucency in Insulators
19.11 Luminescence
19.12 Photoconductivity
19.13 Lasers
19.14 Optical Fibers in Communications
20.Materials Selection and Design Considerations(CD-ROM)
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Strength
20.3 Other Property Considerations and the Final Decision
20.4 Introduction
20.5 Automobile Valve Spring
20.6 Anatomy of the Hip Joint
20.7 Material Requirements
20.8 Materials Employed
20.9 Introduction
20.10 Thermal Protection System-Design Requirements
20.11 Thermal Protection System-Components
20.12 Introduction
20.13 Leadframe Design and Materials
20.14 Dis Bonding
20.15 Wire Bonding
20.16 Package Encapsulation
20.17 Tape Automated Bonding
21.Economic,Enironmental,and Societal Issues in Materials Science and Engineering
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Component Design
21.3 Materials
21.4 Manufacturing Techniques
21.5 Recycling Issues in Materials Science and Engineering
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顾客评论
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目录
1. Introduction 1.1 Historical Perspective 1.2 Materials Science and Engineering 1.3 Why Study Materials Science and Engineering? 1.4 Classification of Materials 1.5 Advanced Materials 1.6 Modern Materials’Needs 2.Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Fundamental Concepts 2.3 Electrons in Atoms 2.4 The Periodic Table 2.5 Bonding Forces and Energies 2.6 Primary Interatomic Bonds 2.7 Secondary Bonding or Van der Waals Bonding 2.8 Molecules 2. Structures of Metals and Ceramics 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Fundamental 3.3 Unit Cells 3.4 Metallic Crystal Structures 3.5 Density Computations-Metals 3.6 Ceramic Crystal Structures 3.7 Density Computations-Ceramics 3.8 Silicate Ceramics 3.9 Carbon 3.10 Polymorphism and Allotropy 3.11 Crystal Systems 3.12 Crystallographic Directions 3.13 Crystallographic Planes 3.14 Linear and Planar Atomic Densities 3.15 Close-Packed Crystal Structures 3.16 Single Crystals 3.17 Polycrystalline Materials 3.18 Anisotropy 3.19 X-Ray Diffraction:Determination of Crystal Structures (CD-ROM)S-6 3.20 Noncrystalline solids 3. Polymer Strutures 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules 4.3 Polymer Molecules 4.4 The Chemistry of Polymer Molecules 4.5 Molecular Weight 4.6 Molecular Shape 4.7 Molecular Structure 4.8 Molecular Configurations(CD-ROM)S-11 4.9 Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Polymers 4.10 Copolymers 4.11 Polymer Crystals 4.12 Polymer Crystals 5.Imperfections in Solids 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Point Defects in Metals 5.3 Point Defects in Ceramics 5.4 Impurities in Solids 5.5 Point Defects in Polymers 5.6 Specification of Composition 5.7 Dislocations-Linear Defects 5.8 Interfacial Defects 5.9 Bulk or Volume Defects 5.10 Atomic Vibrations 5.11 General 5.12 Microscopic Techniques 5.13 Grain Size Determination 6.Diffusion 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Diffusion Mechanisms 6.3 Steady-State Diffusion 6.4 Nonsteady-State Diffusion 6.5 Factors That Influence Diffusion 6.6 Other Diffusion Paths 6.7 Diffusion in Ionic and Polymeric Materials 7.Mechanical Properties 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Concepts of Stress and Strain 7.3 Stress-Strain Behavior 7.4 Anelasticity 7.5 Elastic Properties of Materials 7.6 Tensile Properties 7.7 True Stress and Strain 7.8 Elastic Recovery During Plastic Deformation 7.9 Compressive,Shear,and Torsional Deformation 7.10 Flexural Strength 7.11 Elastic Behavior 7.12 Influence of Porosity on the Mechanical Propertise of Ceramics(CD-ROM)S-22 7.13 Stress-Strain Behavior 7.14 Macroscopic Deformation 7.15 Viscoelasticity(CD-ROM)S-22 7.16 Hardness 7.17 Hardness of Ceramic Materials 7.18 Tear Strength and Hardness of Polymers 7.19 Variability of Material Properties 7.20 Design/Safety Factors 8.Deformation and Strengthening Mechanisms 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Historical 8.3 Basic Concepts of Dislocations 8.4 Characteristics of Dislocations 8.5 Slip Systems 8.6 Slip in Single Crystals(CD-ROM)S-31 8.7 Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Metals 8.8 Deformation by Twinning(CD-ROM)S-34 8.9 Strengthening by Grain Size Reduction 8.10 Solid-Solution Strengthening 8.12 Recovery 8.13 Recrystallization 8.14 Grain Growth 8.15 Crystalline Ceramics 8.16 Noncrystalline Ceramics 8.17 Deformation of Semicrystalline Polymers 8.18 Factors That Influence the Mechanical Properties of Semicrystalline Polymers[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)]S-35 8.19 Deformation of Elastomers 9.Failure 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Fundamentals of Fracture 9.3 Ductile Fracture 9.4 Brittle Fracture 9.5a Principles of Fracture Mechanics[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)S-38 9.6 Brittle Fracture of Ceramics 9.7 Fracture of Polymers 9.8 Impact Fracture Testing 9.9 Cyclic Stresses 9.10 The S-N Curve 9.11 Fatigue in Polymeric Materials 9.12a Crack Initiation and Propagation[Detailed Version (CD-ROM)]S-54 9.13 Crack Propagation Rate 9.14 Factors That Affect Fatigue Life 9.15 Environmental Effects(CD-ROM)S-62 9.16 Generalized Creep Behavior 9.17b Stress and Temperature Effects (Concise Version)S-65 9.18 Data Extrapolation Methods 9.19 Alloys for High-Temperature Use 9.20 Creep in Ceramic and Polymeric Materials 10 Phase Diagrams 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Solubility 10.3 Phases 10.4 Microstructure 10.5 Phase Equilibria 10.6 Binary Isomorphous Systems 10.7 Interpretation of Phase Diagrams 10.8 Development of Microstructure in Isomorphous Alloys (CD-ROM)S-67 10.9 Mechanical Properties of Isomorphous Alloys 10.10 Binary Eutectic Systems 10.11 Development of Microstructure in Eutectic Alloys(CD-ROM)S-70 10.12 Equilibrium Diagrams Having Intermediate Phases or Compounds 10.13 Eutectoid and Peritectic Reactions 10.14 Congruent Phase Transformations 10.15 Ceramic Phase Diagrams(CD-ROM)S-77 10.16 Ternary Phase Diagrams 10.17 The Gibbs Phase Rule (CD-ROM)S-81 10.18 The Iron-Iron Carbide (Fe-fe3C)Phase Diagram 10.19 Development of Microstructures in Iron-Carbon Alloys 10.20 The Influence of Other Alloying Elements(CD-ROM)S-83 11 Phase Transformations 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Basic Concepts 11.3 The Kinetics of Solid-State 11.4 Multiphase Transformations 11.5 Isothermal Transformation 11.6 Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams(CD-ROM)S-85 11.7 Mechanical Behavior of Iron-Carbon Alloys 11.8 Tempered Martensite 11.9 Review of Phase Transformations for Iron-Carbon Alloys 11.10 Heat Treatments 11.11 Mechanism of Hardening 11.12 Miscellaneous Consideratins 11.13 Crystallization 11.14 Meiting 11.15 The Glass Transition 11.16 Melting and Glass Transition Temperatures 11.17 Factors That Influence Meltiong and Glass Transition Temperatures (CD-ROM)S-87 12.Electrical Properties 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Ohm’s Law 12.3 Electrical Conductivity 12.4 Electronic and Ionic Conduction 12.5 Energy Band Structures in Solids 12.6 Conduction in Terms of Band and Atomic Bonding Models 12.7 Electron Mobility 12.8 Electrical Resistivity of Metals 12.9 Electrical Characteristics of Commercial Alloys 12.10 Intrinsic Semiconduction 12.11 Extrinsic Semiconduction 12.15 Conduction in Ionic Materials 12.16 Electrical Properties of Polymers 14.Synthesis,Fabrication,and Processing of Materials (CD-ROM)S-118 14.1 Introduction S-119 14.2 Forming Operations S-119 14.3 Casting 14.4 Miscellaneous Techniques 14.5 Annealing Processes 14.6 Heat Treatment of Steels 14.7 Fabrication and Processing of Glasses 14.8 Fabrication of Clay Products 14.9 Powedr Pressing 14.10 Tape Casting 14.11 Polymerizatin 14.12 Polymer Additives 14.13 Forming Techniques for Plastics 14.14 Fabrication of Elastomers 14.15 Fabricatin of Fibers and Films 15.Composites(CD-ROM)S-162 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Large-Particle Composites 15.3 Dispersion-Strengthened Composites 15.4 Influence of Fiber Length 15.5 Influence of Fiber Orientation and Concentration 15.6 The Matrix Phase 15.7 The Matrix Phase 15.8 Polymer-Matrix Composites 15.9 Metal-Matrix Composites 15.10 Ceramic-Matrix Composites 15.11 Carbon-Carbon Composites 15.12 Hybrid Composites 15.13 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced Composites 15.14 Laminar Composites 15.15 Sandwich Panels 16.Corrosion and Degradation of Materials (CD-ROM) 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Electrochemical Considerations 16.3 Corrosion Rates 16.4 Prediction of Corrosion Rates 16.5 Passivity 16.6 Environmental Effects 16.7 Forms of Corrosion 16.8 Corrosion Environments 16.9 Corrosion Prevention 16.10 Oxidaton 16.11 Swelling and Dissolution 16.12 Bond Rupture 16.13 Weathering 17.Thermal Properties(CD-ROM) 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Heat Capacity 17.3 Thermal Expansion 17.4 Thermal Conductivity 17.5 Thermal Stresses 18.Magnetic Properties 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Basic Concepts 18.3 Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism 18.4 Ferromagnetism 18.5 Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism 18.6 The Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior 18.7 Domains and Hysteresis 18.8 Soft Magnetic Materials 18.9 Hard Magnetic Materials 18.10 Magnetic Storage 18.11 Superconductivity 19.Optical Properties(CD-ROM) 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Electromagnetic Radiation 19.3 Light Interactions with Solids 19.4 Atomic and Electronic Interactions 19.5 Refraction 19.6 Reflection 19.7 Absorption 19.8 Transmission 19.9 Color 19.10 Opacity and Translucency in Insulators 19.11 Luminescence 19.12 Photoconductivity 19.13 Lasers 19.14 Optical Fibers in Communications 20.Materials Selection and Design Considerations(CD-ROM) 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Strength 20.3 Other Property Considerations and the Final Decision 20.4 Introduction 20.5 Automobile Valve Spring 20.6 Anatomy of the Hip Joint 20.7 Material Requirements 20.8 Materials Employed 20.9 Introduction 20.10 Thermal Protection System-Design Requirements 20.11 Thermal Protection System-Components 20.12 Introduction 20.13 Leadframe Design and Materials 20.14 Dis Bonding 20.15 Wire Bonding 20.16 Package Encapsulation 20.17 Tape Automated Bonding 21.Economic,Enironmental,and Societal Issues in Materials Science and Engineering 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Component Design 21.3 Materials 21.4 Manufacturing Techniques 21.5 Recycling Issues in Materials Science and Engineering
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