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内容简介
本书从实用角度出发介绍了使用C++语言进行面向对象编程的方法和技巧。内容涵盖C++语言的数据类型、控制结构、语义语法分析以及软件开发方法，同时还列举了大量的实例，帮助读者加深对所学内容的理解和上机实践能力的提高。 本书在第一版基础上进行了修订，不仅在内容上进行了调整，增加了在编写第一版时认为比较超前而未选用的内容，同时还将C++版本升级为ISO/ANSI标准C++程序语言。每章在最前面提出本章学习要求，每章后配有快速测试、备考练习、编程热身练习和习题解答，便于读者把握每章重点和难点。本书可作为高等学校教材，也可供从事软件开发的技术人员学习参考。 内容：1. 程序设计与计算方法概述 2. C++句法、语义及程序开发流程 3. 数值类型、表达式及输出 4. 程序输入及软件设计方法 5. 条件、逻辑表达式及分支控制结构 6. 循环 7. 函数 8. 作用域、生命周期及函数的相关信息 9. 其他控制结构 10. 数据类型--系统提供类型和用户自定义类型 11. 结构类型、数据抽象和类 12. 数组 13. 基于数组的表 14. 面向对象的软件开发方法 15. 递归
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目录
内容：1. 程序设计与计算方法概述 2. C++句法、语义及程序开发流程 3. 数值类型、表达式及输出 4. 程序输入及软件设计方法 5. 条件、逻辑表达式及分支控制结构 6. 循环 7. 函数 8. 作用域、生命周期及函数的相关信息 9. 其他控制结构 10. 数据类型——系统提供类型和用户自定义类型 11. 结构类型、数据抽象和类 12. 数组 13. 基于数组的表 14. 面向对象的软件开发方法 15. 递归
1 Overview of Programming and Problem Solving
1
1.1 Overview of Programming
2
What is Programming?
2
How Do We Write a Program? 2
1.2 What is a Programming Language?
7
1.3 What is a Computer?
11
1.4
Ethics and Responsibilities in the Computer Profession
15
Software Priacy
15
Privacy of Data
16
Use of Computer Resources
16
Software Engineering
17
1.5 Problem-Solving Techniques
17
Ask Questions
18
Look for Things That Are Familiar
19
Solve by Analogy
19
Means-Ends Analysis
19
Divide and Conquer
20
The Building-Block Approach
20
Merging Solutions
21
Algorithmic Problem Solving
22
Summary
22
2 C++ Syntax and Semantics, and the Program development process
25
2.1 The Elements of C++ Programs
26
C++ Program Structure
26
Syntax and Semantics
28
Syntax Templates
30
Naming Program Elements: Identifiers
31
Data and Data Types
33
Naming Elements: Declarations
34
Taking Action: Executable Statements
38
Beyond Minimalism: Adding Comments to a Program
43
2.2 Program Construction
44
Blocks (Compound Statements)
46
The C++ Preprocessor
47
An Introduction to Namespaces
49
2.3 More About Output
50
Creating Blank Lines
50
Inserting Blanks Within a Line
51
Programming Example: Contest Letter
53
Testing and Debugging
57
Summary
59
Quick Check
59
Exam Preparation Exercises
62
Programming Warm-up Exercises
65
Programming Problems
67
3 Numeric Type, Expressions, and Output
3.1 Overview of C++ Data Types
70
3.2 Numeric Data Types
70
Integral Types
71
Floating-Point Types
72
3.3 Declarations for Numeric Types
73
Named Constant Declarations
73
3.4 Simple Arithmetic Expressions
74
Arithmetic Operators
75
Increment and Decrement Operators
78
3.5 Compound Arithmetic Expressions
78
Precedence Rules
79
Type Coercion and Type Casting
80
3.6 Function Calls and Library Functions
83
Value-Returning Functions
83
Library Functions
85
Void Functions
86
3.7 Formatting the Output
87
Integers and Strings
87
Floating-Point numbers
90
3.8 Additional string Operations
94
The length and size Functions
94
The find Function
95
The substr Function
97
Programming Example: Map Measurements
99
Testing and Debugging
102
Summary
103
Quick Check
103
Exam Preparation Exercises
106
Programming Warm-up Exercises
109
Programming Problems
113
4 Program Input and the Software Design Process
115
4.1 Getting Data into Programs
116
Input Streams and the Extraction Operator(>>)
116
The Reading Marker and the Newline Character
119
Reading Character Data with the get Function
120
Skipping Characters with the ignore Function
122
Reading String Data
123
4.2 Interactive Input/Output
125
4.3 Noninteractive Input/Output
126
4.4 File Input and Output
127
Files
127
Using Files 127
An Example Program Using Files 130
Run-Time Input of File Names
133
4.5 Input Failure
134
4.6 Software Design Methodologies
135
4.7 What Are Objects?
136
4.8 Object-Oriented Design
138
4.9 Functional Decomposition
138
Modules
140
A Perspective on Design
141
Programming Example: Stretching a Canvas
142
Testing and Debugging
147
Testing and Debugging Hints
148
Summary
149
Quick Check
150
Exam Preparation Exercises
151
Programming Warm-up Exercises
153
Programming Problems
155
5 Conditions, Logical Expressions, and Selection Control Structures
157
5.1 Flow of Control
158
Selection
159
5.2 Conditions and Logical Expressions
159
The bool Data Type
159
Logical Expressions
160
Precedence of Operators
166
Relational Operators with Floating-Point Types
167
5.3 The If Statement
168
The If-Then-Else Form
169
Blocks (Compound Statements)
170
The If-Then Form
172
A Common Mistake
173
5.4 Nested If Statements
174
The Dangling else
176
5.5 Testing the State of an I/O Stream
178
Programming Example: Warning Notices
180
Testing and Debugging
183
Testing in the Problem-Solving Phase:The Algorithm Walk-Through
184
Testing in the Implementation Phase
186
The Test Plan
191
Tests Performed Automatically During Compilation and Execution
192
Testing and Debugging Hints
193
Summary
195
Quick Check
195
Exam Preparation Exercises
196
Programming Warm-up Exercises
199
Programming Problems
202
Looping
6.1 The While Statement
206
6.2 Phase of Loop Execution
208
6.3 Loops Using the While Statement
208
Count-Controlled loops
209
Event-Controlled Loops
209
Looping Subtasks
212
6.4 How to Design Loops
214
Designing the Flow of Control
215
Designing the Process within the Loop
216
6.5 Nested Login
217
Designing Nested Loops
219
Programming Example: Average Income by Gender
220
Testing and Debugging
223
Loop-Testing Strategy
223
Test Plans Involving Loops
224
Testing and Debugging Hints
225
Summary
227
Quick Check
227
Exam Preparation Exercises
228
Programming Warm-up Exercises
231
Programming Problems
232
7 Functions
235
7.1 Functional Decomposition wit Void Functions
236
Writing Modules as Void Functions
236
7.2 An Overview of User-Defined Functions
239
Flow of Control in Function Calls
239
Function Parameters
240
7.3 Syntax and Semantics of Void Functions
241
Function Call (Invocation)
241
Function Declarations and Definitions
242
Local Variables
244
The Return Statement
245
Header Files
246
7.4 Parameters
247
Value Parameters
248
Reference Parameters
249
7.5 Designing Functions
250
Writing Assertions as Program Comments
252
Documenting the Direction of Data Flow
254
Programming Example: Comparison of Furniture-Store Sales
257
Testing and Debugging
263
The assert Library Function
265
Testing and Debugging Hints
266
Summary
267
Quick Check
268
Exam Preparation Exercises
269
Programming Warm-up Exercises
275
Programming Problems
277
8 Scope, Lifetime, and More on Functions
281
8.1 Scope of Identifiers
282
Scope Rules
284
Variable Declarations and Definitions
287
Namespaces
288
8.2 Lifetime of a Variable
291
Initializations in Declarations
292
8.3 Interface Design
293
Side Effects
294
Global Constants
294
8.4 Value-Returning Functions
295
Boolean Functions
299
Interface Design for Value-Returning Functions
300
When to Use Value-Returning Functions
300
Programming Example: Starship Weight and Balance
302
Testing and Debugging
310
Stubs and Drivers
310
Testing and Debugging Hints
311
Summary
312
Quick Check
312
Exam Preparation Exercises
313
Programming Warm-up Exercises
317
Programming Problems
319
9 Additional Control Structures
323
9.1 The Switch Statement
324
9.2 The Do-While Statement
327
9.3 The For Statement
330
9.4 The Break and Continue Statements
332
9.5 Guidelines for Choosing a Looping Statement
335
Programming Example: Monthly Rainfall Averages
336
Testing and Debugging
340
Testing and Debugging Hints
340
Summary
341
Quick Check
341
Exam Preparation Exercises
342
Programming Warm-up Exercises
344
Programming Problems
346
10 Simple Data Types: Built-In and User-Defined
349
10.1 Built-In Simple Types
350
Integral Types
352
Floating-Point Types
353
10.2 Additional C++ Operators
354
Assignment Operators and Assignment Expressions 356
Increment and Decrement Operators
357
Bitwise Operators
358
The Cast Operation
358
The sizeof Operator
358
The ?: Operator
359
Operator Precedence
359
10.3 Working with Character Data
360
Character Sets
361
C++ char Constants
362
Programming Techniques
363
10.4 More on Floating-Point Numbers
367
Representation of Floating-Point Numbers
367
Arithmetic with Floating-Point Numbers
370
10.5 User-Defined Simple Types
372
The Typedef Statement
372
Enumeration Types
373
Named and Anonymous Data Types
379
User-written Header Files
380
10.6 More on Type Coercion
380
Type Coercion in Arithmetic and Relational Expressions
381
Type Coercion in Assignments, Argument Passing, and Return of a Function Value
382
Programming Example: Rock, Paper, Scissors
384
Testing and Debugging
391
Floating-Point Data
391
Coping with Input Errors
391
Testing and Debugging Hints
392
Summary
393
Quick Check
393
Exam Preparation Exercises
395
Programming Warm-up Exercises
397
Programming Problems
39
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